It is the cause of the consumption of the tread and is determined by friction between the tread and the ground. It is heightened for instance by temperature increases, different pressure than the nominal one, etc...

The direct influence of the tyre in generating mainly acoustic phenomena or noise on flat surfaces is evaluated in this. Typical items are the tread noise, acceleration noise, noise on bends, etc.

Type of rectangular section bead core, made up of one or more parallel rubber coated metal wires wound in several layers until the required section is obtained.

It is a phenomena which is created when the water built up under the contact area removes any direct contact between the tyre and the ground.
Under these conditions the tyre cannot transmit any force to the ground. The vehicle is no longer able to brake, steer or accelerate. Therefore any external disturbance, however small it may be, like a side wind on a straight section for instance or the effect of centrifugal force on a bend, leads to completely losing control of the vehicle.


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Ratio between the section height and the width of the tyre cover.

Definition of a tyre in which the tread pattern is differentiated with respect to the equatorial plane.